Frankenstein: Born Evil or Socially Corrupted Essay

Was the Being Frankenstein created born evil or was he shaped into being evil? Or any man for that matter? Nobody is born evil. They are taught evil ways. They are corrupted by society. In the book Frankenstein, the Being created is looked at as a symbol of evil who only seeks to destroy everything in his path. However, the Being was corrupted by the initial rejection of his creator. It is true that man could be considered evil, but I believe that man is born good and simply put, corrupted by the evil that already exists in the world. As in Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein creates a being that he later turns away from due to its hideousness, but the Being was created with a innocence and pureness that all men are born into. The Being appears aside Frankenstein after he is awakened from a nightmare. The Being seems to want to communicate with his creator but he had not been taught. Victor takes his behavior as a form of malice. â€Å"And his eyes, if eyes they may be called, were fixed on me. His jaw opened, and he muttered some inarticulate sounds, while a grin wrinkled his cheeks†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ne hand was stretched out, seemingly to detain me, but I escaped and rushed downstairs† (Shelley, p. 43). Victor even states that he is deliberately avoiding communication with the Being due to its hideousness. Victor Frankenstein of all people should understand the importance of love and the care of a parent in order to become moral and a good human being in general. He often talked about how attentive his parents were with him growing up. â€Å"†¦They always seemed to draw inexhaustible stores of affection from a very mine of love to bestow upon me†¦ he innocent and helpless creature bestowed on them by heaven, whom to bring up to good, and whose future lot it was in their hands to direct to happiness or misery, according as they fulfilled their duties towards me† (p. 19). According to Victor it was his parents love for him that helped shape his future. By abandoning the creature he has created, Victor Frankenstein helps raise feelings of vengeance toward himself by the Being which leads it to kill members of the Frankenstein family. The Being sets out to find someone to talk to as he can’t talk to his creator. He unknowingly looks to Victor’s younger brother William and hopes that society has not corrupted the young innocent child and that William will accept him despite his looks. The Being is disappointed when his hideous looks scare William, after discovering that he is Victor’s family, he kills the young boy. It is after having been rejected by man twice that the creature resorts to committing murder. Still the Being tries hard to do good, trying to save a woman drowning, but she also struggles against him, trying to get away. After being shot by her companion, the Being resorts to thinking that he must kill her too. â€Å"I am malicious because I am miserable. Am I not shunned and hated by all mankind? You, my creator, would tear me to pieces and triumph; remember that and tell me why I should pity man more than he pities me? You would not call it murder if you could precipitate me into one of those ice-rifts and destroy my frame†¦ † (p. 130).

Frei Otto Munich Stadium

MUNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM//FREI OTTO//1972 gizem akgun/ nuria juanbaro sarret/kanaka raghavan _ADDA 2012-2013 GERMAN PAVILION// MONTREAL//1967//cable nets TUWAIQ PALACE//SAUDI ARABIA//1970// cable nets OLYMPIC STADIUM//MUNICH//1972// cable nets ORKS MULTIHALLE MANNHIEM //GERMANY//1975// grid shells JAPAN PAVILION EXPO 2000//HANOVER GERMANY//2000//grid shell German architect and research engineer 1957 // Development Center for Lightweight Construc on in Berlin. 1964// Ins tute for Lightweight Structures in Stu gart.Exhibited a special gi for crea ng lightweight tent structures Computer-based procedure for determining their shape and behaviour Alterna ve system of grid shell structures HE ARCHITECT /FREI OTTO HE LIGHTWEIGHT PRINCIPLE/tensile Tensile roofs/ every part of the structure is loaded in tension with no requirement to resist compression Cable nets/ grid of structural cables in tension forming the framework supports a weather shield. An clas c Surfaces/ tension forces are in equil ibrium, the centres of curvature are in opposite side of the membrane Synclas c Surfaces/ the centres of curvature are on the same side of the membrane n clas c curve hyper paraboloid hyper paraboloid/ minimum 4 pts with alteast 1 pt out of plane Less material and e? ort Remarkably large spans Combined tensile structure and biological research Only a few members,are under compression while all others, for instance, cables and membranes, are under tension For tension and rigidity, an clas c or saddle-like curvatures HE LIGHTWEIGHT PRINCIPLE UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /details SITE// Originally the se ng of a 1930’s air? eld,former training ground for the Bavarian Royal Army and the site of Munich’s ? rst civil airport. Ground had been used as a dump yard for ruined buildings’ rubble. 00m tall broadcast tower, s ll present today, a major landmark of the site. PROGRAM// 80,000 seats Smaller enclosed sports hall Swimming hall Warm-up arena Enclosed workout facility Housi ng for 3000 people UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /1972 Gunter Behnisch proposed light and open structures con nuous ? uid tent roo? ng resembling natural hills Frei O o’s Montreal Pavilion was the guiding piece The original system came from model studies where ladies stockings were used to simulate the tent’s surfaces al proposal CRITICAL STUDIES// Mast heights gave ghter curvature near the masts and leave the unsa sfactory ? t perimeter areas unimproved Increasing the pre-stress to ? at areas would provide the necessary stability, but only at impossibly high levels of tensioning UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM/ini Winner of the compe on for 1972 olympic park by GUNTER BEHNISCH ERMAN PAVILLION,MONTREAL/1967 Real masterpiece of lightweight architecture,Frei O l/Behnisch Ini al mode o UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /comparisons UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /inspira Dragon? y wings are one three-thousandth of a millimeter thick Up to 1,000 sec ons Compartmental structure, wings do not tear, withstand the pressure that forms during ? ght. Driving principle for design of roof on 7 saddle-shape cable nets Square meshes that form rhomboids to assume an clas c curvature UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /revised roof Subdivide roof into a patchwork of separate but coupled smaller canopies Support at many points and mostly curved to suitably ght radii. Nets do not extend to the tops of medium height masts, instead hung from very tall masts Masts placed outside the roof or suspended above ground on cables keeping the areas below column-free Roo? ng for the main sports facili esUNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /experiments 1:125 scale models exactly proportional both in geometry and in elasticity to the envisaged full sized structures UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /structure Interior cables Peripheral cables Cable joints Steel masts Concrete underground founda on Acrylic panel cover UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /cables Interior cables//11. 7 mm mesh, 19 heavily galvanised 2. 3- and 3. 3mm steel wires A lay length of 10 x the la y diameter Main cables//? ve strands of 37 and 109 wires each Edge cables//vary in speci? a on, typical example ,lockedsurface wire rope of 81 millimetres diameter Twin cables with concentric joints assume square meshes forming rhomboids forming an clas c curves UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /joints Cables arranged in pairs 75Ãâ€"75 cm mesh,reduced number of joints Clamps+screw,one bolt per joint,easy construc on 75 cm mesh Saddle connec ons Swaged clamp connec on Erec on/The cable nets completely assembled on ground, li ed to ? nal posi ons. Prestressing/suspension cables were put in posi on, geometry and stresses cables and masts checked Connec on to anchor UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /mastsTension founda ons / anchor the main cables down to earth Inclined slot founda ons (tent pegs ),gravity anchor founda ons (anchoring from self weight),earth anchor founda ons (support the masts) Temporary steel balls provided under the rubber pads to allow rota on during assembly Cylindrical masts welded st eel tubes up to 80 metres long and with a 50mN (5000 ton) load capacity. Transparent roof covering/ 2. 9 x 2. 9-metre acrylic panels , 4mm thk Bolted to the intersec on nodes and angles of intersec on change every 6 degrees Temperature moulding, panels on neoprene pedestals, allowing them to ‘? at’, and sealing the joints with con nuous neoprene pro? le clamped to the panel edges Discon nuous joints allowing movement UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /cover UNICH OLYMPIC STADIUM /conclusions Form ? nding experiments/solu ons for large spans simultaneously gave birth to the science of compu ng . Final form depends on – shape of grid,spacing,pa ern -the geometry of the suppor ng structure – the pretension applied to the cable net and its suppor ng structure Advantages/E? cient way of using material Lightweight Large spans Quick construc on

Islam in UK Essay

I am going to write about â€Å"Islam†. In this topic, I’ll describe Islamic values, Islamic traditions, the meaning of Islam and other things, which are related to Islam. I am writing this to inform Muslims about Islamic culture and values. I have chosen this topic to advise and persuade them to follow the right ways of Islam. The reason to choose this topic is that in Pakistan there are many people who call themselves Muslims, but in reality, they don’t fulfil the duties of Islam. They don’t understand what Islam is. They don’t know how to treat their children, how to teach them Islamic principles. My aim is to inform Muslims about the true meaning of Islam. I’ll get the information from the internet, my family, my teachers and my personal points of view. I am a Muslim therefore I have lots of information about my topic. I’ll tell you about God, belief, sects of Islam, prophets and other information. The people, who call themselves Muslims, they consider that they belong to a Muslim family so they are also Muslims, but it is wrong. They don’t know their religion’s facts. For being a Muslim, they should know their religion’s reality. There are also some people who think that they have recited the creed, so they would be called Muslims, but this is not reality. Muslims are those people who have firm belief in their heart and soul, on Islam, Allah, His angels, His messengers, His books and His revelations. You should believe in the judgement day, and fate and destiny. Muslims believe in only One God, the same God that Jews and Christians believe in. For a Muslim, the life of the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the perfect example. A Muslim is that person, who follows the principles and the acts of the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), these principles and acts are called ‘Sunnah’. For being a Muslim, the first thing that you should know about Islam is its meaning. Islam is the Arabic word, which simply means peace and purity. Islam connotes submission, surrender, and obedience. As a religion, Islam stands for complete submission and obedience to Allah and therefore it is called ‘Islam’. Anyone who has firm belief in Islam and surrenders himself to Allah is called a Muslim. Islam is not a new religion. It is in essence the same message and guidance which Allah revealed to all His previous messengers. The message which was revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), is Islam in its comprehensive, complete and final form. Islam is the religion, which was given to Adam, the first man, and the first prophet of Allah, and it was the religion of all the prophets sent by Allah to humankind. The name of God’s religion Islam was not decided upon by later generations of man. It was chosen by Allah Himself and clearly mentioned in His final revelation to man. In the final book of divine revelation, the Koran, Allah states the following: â€Å"This day I have perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and have chosen Islam for you as your religion†. (Soorah Al-Maa’idah 5:3) After having faith in Allah, a Muslim worships God to seek His will. The five pillars of Islam are core beliefs that shape a Muslim’s thought, deed, and society. A Muslim who fulfils the five Pillars of Islam, remains in the faith of Islam, and sincerely repents of his sins, will make it to paradise. One of these pillars is the ‘Shahada’, which is the Islamic proclamation that â€Å"there is no true God except Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah†. This is the declaration that Allah is the one and only true God, that Allah alone is worthy of worship and the sovereign lord who does what he wills with whoever he wills. It means that all of His rules and laws found in the Koran are to be followed. Muhammad is the true and greatest prophet of God and recognition of Muhammad as the Prophet of God is required. It was through Muhammad that God conveyed the last and final revelation. I have seen some Muslims who just recite the Islamic proclamation but do not care about acting upon other pillars. The second pillar is prayer, which involves confession of sins, which begins with the purification of the body and ends with the purification of the soul. Prayer is performed five times a day. The first prayer is at dawn and the last at sunset. The names of the prayers, which are essential to pray, are Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha. There are also some prayers, which are not obligatory to pray. As a Muslim, I perform these prayers, but unfortunately not regularly. The third pillar is ‘fasting’, which is an act of worship where the faithful follower denies his own needs and seeks Allah. Usually, this fasting entails no drinking, eating, or having sexual relations during the daylight hours for the entire month of Ramadan. The month of Ramadan is the month of fasting in Islam. I must keep fast myself in the month of Ramadan, but sometimes I keep fast in other days instead of Ramadan. The fourth pillar of Islam is giving alms to poor people, disabled people, orphans and widows. Charity is the biggest source of asking forgiveness for our sins. Whenever I have something to give someone, I give alms to needy people. The fifth pillar is the pilgrimage to Mecca, which has been ordered to everyone to do it at least one time in your life. That pilgrimage purifies your soul from all sins as the water cleans the dirtiness. If you perform the five pillars, but do not remain in the faith, you will not be saved. Islam has a number of special occasions of celebration. These occasions are observed with devotion to seek the pleasure of Allah. There is no concept of festival only for pleasure. The festivals are the occasions of thanksgiving, joy and happiness. The two major occasions in Islam in each year are Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Adha. I also celebrate these occasions. I enjoy them a lot. Eid-ul-Fitr is observed at the end of the month of Ramadan. On this day, after a month of fasting, Muslims express their joy and happiness by offering a congregational prayer. This day is generally observed as a holiday in Muslim countries. Eid-ul-Adha begins on the 10th of Dhu’l Hijjah and continues until the 12th day of the month. It is celebrated to commemorate the Prophet Abraham’s readiness to sacrifice his son Ishmael on the command of Allah. This occasion of great importance comes every year during the days of the pilgrimage of Mecca and is observed by offering congregational prayer, as i n Eid-ul-Fitr. Some other occasions to observe and celebrate include Lailat-ul-Qadr (Night of power), Lailat-ul-Miraj (Night of the Ascent), the beginning of Hijrah, and the dates for Islamic battles, the birthday of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and Ashurah (10th of Muharram). Islamic festivals are observed according to the Islamic calendar, which is based on Lunar months. The Lunar year is shorter than the solar year by about 10 days. Festival dates are determined by the sighting of the moon. Unfortunately, there is not a single Islamic calendar, which has been accepted by Muslims all over the world. I do not celebrate all of these occasions, but I try my best to celebrate all of these festivals. Nowadays in many Muslim countries, most of people lay stress on celebrating non Islamic festivals instead of Islamic like Basant (festival of flying kites), Holli (festival of playing with colours and music) and Christmas. Some people think that â€Å"a perfect Muslim† is simply one who is correct in the observance of the ritual prayer, the fasting, the charity, and the pilgrimage to Mecca. This is not the fact. If you are not humble, pious and truly God-fearing instead of performing ritual prayers, then you are not a real Muslim. A Muslim should be truthful, honest, and moderate in everything, loving, optimistic, hopeful and sincere. You should take special care to keep away yourself from all the shameful and sinful things God has forbidden. The main forbidden acts in Islam are refusing from the oneness of Allah, testifying false testimonies, murdering people and making money by taking interest on loans. Allah has also forbidden us from taking other’s money unjustly especially money of orphans and needy people. Islam has prohibited us from slandering chaste and pure women, and having sexual relationships outside marriage. The other things, which are not allowed to do in Islam, are drinking alcohol, gambling, stealing, swearing, lying, eating pork and committing suicide. Islam makes faith and religion the basis of the entire human society and the most important for the system of its relationships. The Islamic concept of nationhood is not based on language, colour or region kinship. The Islamic community is a society of faith. Anyone who believes in the Islamic religion and its beliefs is an undeniable part of this nation whatever his race, colour, language or place of birth. I accept it that all human beings are equal. Social responsibilities have lots of importance in a Muslim’s life. The base of Islamic teachings about social responsibilities has been built on kindness and consideration of others. The responsibilities and rights of different relationships are defined in Islam. Islam also lays emphasis on specific acts of kindness. In a widening circle of relationship, our first obligation is to our immediate family which includes parents, husband or wife and children, then to other relatives, neighbours, friends and acquaintances, orphans and widows, the needy of the community, our fellow Muslims, all our fellow human beings and animals. Respect and care for parents is very much stressed in the Islamic teaching and is a very important part of a Muslim’s expression of faith. Islam says that you should be kind to your parents, whether if they reach their old age in their lifetime. You should not say to them a word of contempt nor repel them, but address them in terms of honour. Your mother has more right on you than your father, because she gives you birth after facing many problems. Mother has three times higher level than father, therefore it is said that the paradise lies under the feet of your mother. You should obey your mother’s command whether that command is right or wrong. There is only one command of your mother, which has been prohibited to obey, and that command is refusing from the uniqueness of Allah. I respect my parents very much, especially my mother, because I know that I have to give answer to my Allah, on the Day of Judgment. On that day, children will be called referring to their mother’s names. As parents, you have some jobs towards your children. Your first aim towards your child is to teach him Islamic values. You should treat your children with love and kindness. You should get them good education. You are responsible for their spiritual and moral amendment. You should fulfil all their needs. You should not torture them, because the person, who does not love children, is not one of the Muslims. The prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, â€Å"children are the flowers of Allah’s garden†. I also like children very much, because they are very innocent and cute. They are far away from tyranny and sins. As a husband, you have some duties and responsibilities towards your wife. You should give your wife her dowry in its entirety, and co-habit with her in a good way, take care of her and teach her matters of her religion. You should guard her in her religion and dignity, and protect her secrets, honour her family and her friends. I have seen many Muslim husbands in Pakistan and England who don’t respect their wives and their family and relatives. They torture their wives like an animal if their wives are barren or do not bring many expensive things in their dowry. As a wife, you have some duties and responsibilities towards your husband. Your duty is the good organization of your home. The house is your kingdom and you are its princess. You should protect your husband’s property and children, and should be honest and truthful to him. You should respect your husband and his family and relatives. In my family, some of my relatives are very obedient to their husbands and look after their children in the absence of their husbands. My mother is also one of them. For being a Muslim, you also have some obligations towards your other relatives such as aunts, uncles, nephews, nieces, cousins, brothers, sisters, mother-in-law, father-in-law and others. You should help them in their needs whether that help is financial, emotional or social. You should speak to them very softly and respect them. According to the statement of the prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), you are not a Muslim, if you know that your neighbours are hungry and you eat whole heartedly. If your neighbours are not safe from your injurious conduct, you do not believe in Islam. A teacher has a great position in Islam. A teacher is called a spiritual father, because he is responsible for a sensible and educated society. It is your duty to respect your teacher as you respect and take care about your parents. I have never talked to my teachers harshly, because I have lots of respect in my heart for all of my relatives. According to the Koran and Sunnah, as a Muslim, you have to discharge your moral responsibility not only to your parents, children, relatives and neighbours, but also to the entire humankind, animals and trees and plants. Hunting of birds and animals for the sake of game is not permitted. Similarly, cutting trees and plants which yield fruit is forbidden unless there is a very serious need for it. Thus, on the basic moral characteristics, Islam builds a higher system of morality by virtue of which humankind can realize its greatest potential. Islam purifies the soul from selfishness, tyranny, shamelessness and indiscipline. In Islam, it is said that all individuals become responsible and accountable for their behaviour at the age of puberty. At that time, the Islamic teachings about modest dress apply to any person whether that person is male or female. Nothing should be seen of you except your face, feet and hands when you reach your age of puberty. Therefore, at this age, it is expected from you to adopt more modest styles of dress that do not expose too much. As a Muslim, I also act upon these teachings of Islam. According to Sunnah, all Muslim marriages should be simple and far away from false showing of wealth. Nowadays Muslims spend lots of money on marriages which is their waste of money. I have attended many marriages in which people use their money incorrectly. As a Muslim, you can give your money to the needy persons for the sake of Allah instead of wasting your money on unnecessary customs. I can conclude from this piece of writing that what I have set out to do, I have achieved it. My aim was to tell Muslims about the true meaning of Islam. I have not been completely successful in achieving my aim, because I had decided to write about Islamic months, Islamic education and Islamic miracles, but I could not include them in my piece of writing because of the word limit. It was not too difficult to do the research, because I got most of information from the internet and from my personal experience. I could not find suitable books for my topic, therefore I searched on the internet. I really enjoyed doing the extended writing, because I have learnt lots of things about Islam. I have learned lots of vocabulary. I have found out how to write a long essay and how to join paragraphs to each other. By finding information, I have found out that Islam is the second largest religion in the world. According to the estimation, the range of Muslims is from 0.7 to 1.2 billion worldwide. Bibliography: The Koran http://www.islamonline.net/english/introducingislam/index.shtml (9.02.05) http://www.hammoude.com/Islam.html (20.3.05) http://islam.about.com (28.03.05) http://www.carm.org/islam/faith_five_pillars.htm (28.03.05) http://www.religioustolerance.org/islam.htm (6.04.05)

Business Product Analysis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Product Analysis - Coursework Example Coke was initially developed by pharmacist John Styth Pemberton in year 1886 (Biswas & Sen, 1999). In the history of 112 years, Coca-Cola has entrenched itself into American culture. In 1994, the American use was more than 773 million servings of Coca-Cola, Sprite; diet Coke, Fanta and additional products of the coke corporation. The corporation's drink products comprise bottled plus canned drinks fashioned through self-governing plus business owned bottling plus canning operations (Wikipedia, 2009), (Bellis, 1997), and (The Coca-Cola Company, 2008). The Coca Cola Company has truthfully one of the supreme stories in U.S. history.' The technique in which the company has pressed on and endured the taste of time makes an impression up till now their harshest detractor.' The Coca Cola Company has a dread exciting history and still an additional assuring future.' Their industry policy, all along with an extremely devoted customer base, has guided The Coca Cola Company to the position of boss of the market (Pendergrast, 2000), (Bellis, 1997), (Biswas & Sen, 1999) and (The Coca-Cola Company, 2008). At the present time, the Coca Cola Company is working with a network of license bottlers. It has fifty three bottling divisions aligned among 26 corporations. Each of these bottlers previously was performing business through Parle's Ramesh Chouhan, after his sale of drink products to Coke. As for each contract signed among Coke and bottlers, the previous provisions to them through soft drink focus. According to the latest plan and policy of the coca cola, the Coke bottlers will stop to remain self-governing entities; in its place, depending on physical positions, they will be amalgamated into one of the super bottling corporations. Believing the enormous impending of enlargement of the whole worldwide marketplace, coca cola desires to increase the marketplace by 40 % for each annum (Wikipedia, 2009), (Biswas & Sen, 1999), (Bellis, 1997), and (Olson, 2005). Fundamental Marketing Strategies The Coca Cola Corporation is capable to attain its aims and objectives by means of the product development or distribution technique or promotional features. In fact, better management from the plant place to the sales services that corporation presents, something could be employed to differentiate (Riz, 2009). The product forms a center in the differentiation policy in the middle of the other P's of the Marketing Mix policy. Product Differentiation is extremely significant in product management for the Coca Cola and has potential in forming flourishing marketing strategies (Pendergrast, 2000). Here I have presented the Coca-Cola Mission Statement and Objective that is developed after the huge marketing study and brand positioning research (Thecoca-colacompany, 2007) and (Wikipedia, 2009). 1.)'''''' To Refresh the World in mind, body and spirit. 2.)'''''' To motivate Moments of Optimism, in the course of our brands and our actions. 3.)'''''' To Create Value and Make a Difference, all over the place we engage. 4P's marketing Mix Models This section presents the analysis how Coca-Cola can produce a better marketing through

Legal and Ethical Aspecrts of Delivery Of Health and Social Care Essay

Legal and Ethical Aspecrts of Delivery Of Health and Social Care - Essay Example When handling patients suffering from terminal illnesses, it is my role to ensure that a patient can successfully manage the condition, experience reduced pain, and approach the end of life stages with a positive outlook. Although my intention is to help such patients, complications may occur because of the choices made by the patients. The case of Brian, who is 55 years old and declined to adopt the advice and the equipment presented by me presents an ethical dilemma for any nurse. In this paper, I will discuss Brian’s case study in detail, evaluating, and analysing the case study and presenting my final ethical decision. In addition, the paper will examine the utilitarian ethical principle and weigh it against the respect for autonomy in an effort to help Brian experience quality life despite his condition. Brian, aged 55 years suffers from multiple sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis is a condition that presents adverse effects on an individual’s immune system. Specifically, the disease affects the protective sheath surrounding nerves. As a result, individuals suffering from the disease do not have a normal communication between the brain and the body. As the disease progresses, an individual’s nervous system may deteriorate badly. Usually, there is no cure for multiple sclerosis and patients with the disease have no other choice but to manage their condition. In the case of Brian, the disease has progressed to the level whereby he needs a wheelchair because he cannot walk (Dimond, 2011). Therefore, the disease has served to debilitate him compelling him to rely on my help and other social workers who help him to feed, wash, and get him out of bed occasionally. Worth noting is the fact that Brian does not have any carer at home because his wife suffers from Parkinson’s disease. Since Brian’s condition compels him to stay in bed or the wheelchair for many hours, he is subject to

Consumer Behavior [Motivation within marketing process] Essay

Consumer Behavior [Motivation within marketing process] - Essay Example This report is divided into three sections, including literature review, reflection, and discussion/analysis. In the first section (literature review), a total of four consumer behaviour theories such as marginal utility theory, consumer choice theory, perceived risk theory, and diffusion of innovations theory are discussed to gain a deep theoretical understanding of various factors that would influence a consumer’s degree of motivation and thereby purchasing behaviour. In the second section (reflection), one of my recent personal consumption activities will be described in order to analyse the motivational factors that led to the specific consumption process. Here, the way the organisation interacted with me to motivate me to consume the product is emphasised. In the third section (discussion/analysis), the major finding of the study is brought together for providing an analysis of my own consumer behaviour in the light of the issues raised in the literature review. Finally, the conclusion part summarises the key findings of the report. In order to critically evaluate the impact of consumer behaviour theories on motivation within the marketing process, it is vital to acquire a better understanding of the concepts of marketing and motivation. The process of marketing is directed at the identification, anticipation, and satisfaction of customer requirements with the ultimate objective of profit maximisation. According to Philip Kotler, â€Å"marketing is that social process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating offerings and freely exchanging products and services of value with others† (as cited in Singla, 2011, p.101). The marketing concept is the philosophy that requires companies to focus on the needs of their customers so as to promote decision making and to meet customer satisfaction better than competitors. As Shimasaki (2009, pp. 98-99) describes from the time

A Simple Surgery Checklist Saves Lives Case Study

A Simple Surgery Checklist Saves Lives - Case Study Example They do not initiate for vital steps in the regular process but attempts to identify failures of the process. Based on the four flow charts, the system has much duplication of activities or redundancies in time especially on the number of times the patient has to give his consent. The patient consent is required in more in six scenarios in the system, from the holding room, anesthesiologist to the surgeon. The timing is such that they occur at a period when it is not late to correct the problem. This helps to ensure and further improve the safety of the patient. WHO Surgical Safety Checklist recognizes three stages of an operation, in each stage, the operation coordinator must check the completion of the task before embarking on the next stage (Szalavitz, 2009). The patient has three separate interactions with the health providers in the following phase of the WHO surgical safety checklist: During the Sign In stage (before the administration of anesthesia), the patient is identified, location, informed consent, and the procedure of operation are confirmed. The location/site marking is established and the finishing point of the anesthesia safety measure is done (Cavoukian, 2009). A confirmation of whether a functional pulse rate meter is present in the patient is done. Several other issues of concerns are addressed such as allergies, aspiration risk, air path risks, loss of excess blood, and the availability of effective tools and equipment for operation purposes. The Time Out stage is performed before the incision of the skin. Everyone involved in the operation introduces themselves to real names and their functions in the operation. They then confirm the patient once again, the identity/name of the patient, location/site, and procedure and deliberates on expected critical situations. Antibiotic prophylaxis, scheduling, and presentation of imaging studies are also confirmed at this stage.

Christlogical review of the movies Jesus Christ Superstar and Godspell Essay

Christlogical review of the movies Jesus Christ Superstar and Godspell - Essay Example In this book it was described â€Å"how the Christian church dares appeal to a Jesus who never existed, to a mandate he never issued, and to a claim that he was God’s son, whom he never presumed for himself†. As Christianity began to spread from its original home and started spreading beyond Judaism into the Hellenistic world of the great Roman Empire, the main challenge became finding a way to express its faith in the thought categories of the Greco-Roman world. Gradually, Hellenistic philosophy proved to be helpful in this context but at the same time it represented a threat as it was a language of a very different culture. The greatest challenge confronted by church at this time was to adopt a new philosophical culture without simply â€Å"Hellenizing† its faith (Rausch, â€Å"Who is Jesus?: An introduction to Christology†). Since the inception of cinema as a medium of art many great movies were made that relates historical Jesus with our daily life. Two such all time great movies are ‘Godspell’ and ‘Jesus Christ Superstar’, that to a great extent emerges as a true weapon for the quest of real and true historical Jesus behind the gospels and the doctrines of church. Cinema is a strong medium to reach a lot of people at once. This paper presents the discourse that Jesus is everyman and how the impact of this saint can be felt through these movies. The directors of the movies through their plot, character presentation and setting displays that by deviating biblical facts, they actually bring Jesus close to common man and thereby his magic can be felt more strongly which can be perceived through the Christological review of both the films. Released in 1973, the film ‘Godspell’ is based on the Off-Broadway musical Godspell of John Michael Tebelak. With the backdrop of modern New York along with its excellent star cast, the film received positive response both from critics as well as general

Does Standardized Testing Work Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Does Standardized Testing Work - Research Paper Example Different studies have revealed that ‘standardized tests’ are bias in nature as they are favorable for students coming from affluent family background. A ‘standardized test’ is called ‘standardized’ because it is assumed that it treats every student equally and gives everyone an equal opportunity to do well in the tests. The foundation of the ‘standardized tests’ is the fair and equal opportunity to everyone. However, with bias in its design, the foundation of standardized test has proved to be extremely weak and hence, the standardized test fails to work. The nature of standardized tests The intention of ‘standardized tests’ is to measure the learning curve and the academic progress of students. A ‘test’ is called ‘standardized’ when it is designed with a ‘standard’ format and is conducted under ‘standard conditions’ (FairTest, 2007, para.2). Hence, students giving st andardized tests have to give tests under same test conditions, with same questions and same scoring way (FairTest, 2007, para.2). This assures uniformity and objectivity in testing. Moreover, standardized tests have become a decisive factor in the process of getting admissions in schools and colleges and hence, have become extremely significant in the life of a student (and parents) (FairTest, 2007, para.2). It will not be wrong to say that ‘standardized test’ is a matter of life and ‘death’ as far as the education and professional prospects of students are concerned. Hence, it is natural for educators and parents to expect that ‘standardized test’ is designed in such a way that it measures the ‘natural’ potential of a student and not the superficial skills, which can be improved with the aid of resources available outside the school. However, it has been found that standardized test inclines in favor of students coming from afflu ent and advantageous family backgrounds and hence, proves fatal to the education system of the country (FairTest, 2007, para.5). Education has a potential to offer unconditional love, understanding, appreciation and unbiased treatment to children. Right education has the power to shape the future of the world by producing intelligent, mature and confident human beings. However, it has been found that the quality of the education is declining due to the effort in winning the race of scoring well in ‘standardized tests’ (Kohn, 2000, para.14). It has been observed that instead of measuring the natural skills like genuine understanding and intelligence, the standardized test measures the temporary skills of acquisition of facts, copying the answers and â€Å"skill of test-taking itself† (Kohn, 2000, para.14). Hence, what the tests measure is nothing but superficial skill set which does not contribute in improving the quality of learning and education in any way. Unfo rtunately, this fact also applies to the tests like SAT, MAT, CAT, CTBS and ITBS. The measurement criteria People have given importance to tests because they think that tests measure the quality of learning, teaching, intelligence and thinking ability. However, it has been found that non-referenced tests like SAT, MAT, CAT, ITBS and CTBS were designed to give ‘ranking’ to the students and not to measure the quali

Critical reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Critical reading - Essay Example The paper has two thesis statements. One is that society should accept Samuel Morse’s declaration of his invention of the telegraph. And the second is shared credit should be given to his predecessors paving the road for long distance communication. The thesis was clearly stated. Arguments to support both stands were presented but it was not balanced. The latter side was more substantiated, failing to lay down stronger arguments on why society should accept Morse’s claim. The writer could have discussed about how Morse came up with the invention from his artistic background: how Morse had this device on his own design and how he developed this telegraph despite lacking the technical knowledge. The writer could also answer the question regarding what inspires him to do this demonstration. The outline was strategic and logical. The opening statements claim how important telegraph is, arousing the reader’s interest. The valuable contribution of Morse’s predecessors, especially Chappe’s was explained. It was written clearly, and because of the absence of jargons, it could be easily understood. The statement about how the telegraph changed the society is very necessary. However, the distinctness of Morse’s telegraph could be explained

Review and evaluation of information security program Term Paper

Review and evaluation of information security program - Term Paper Example Introduction 3 2. Information security governance and its strategy 4 3. Regulations for information security in banking software industry and their influence on governance of the security program 4 4. Information security governance model and framework 6 5. Implementation of company’s security program, challenges and their remedies 12 6. Measuring the company’s information security program success 13 7. What is working well within the company’s security program? 14 8. What is not working well within the company’s security program? 16 9. Improvement of information security governance 17 10. conclusion 18 Review and evaluation of information security program 1. Introduction An IT oriented company is more prone to information security risks than a regular institution. The company in consideration provides banking software services which is a complex task requiring complete security to its clients. The company consists of several departments such as administra tion, finance, software development among others making the total workforce to be over 200 individuals. The company Information security governance formulates strategic goals, ensures achievement of goals, manages risks; make use of resources, and carefully assesse the achievement of the information security program. ... Previously the company has not had well-structured procedures to evaluate attainment of the set information security objectives in order to take appropriate intervention measures. As of now the company has an efficient approach to management of security threats and risks. This approach has been made possible by implementation of some aspects of security management. Information security policies According to Monaghan (2009), there are various security policies that ensure effective information security governance and provide a way of protecting organization’s information assets (information and  information systems) from destruction, disruption, unauthorized access, use or disclosure. Personal Communication Devices and Voicemail policy describes Information Security's requirements for usage of Personal Communication Devices and Voicemail that include all handheld wireless devices, wireless cards and pagers for an organization. Bluetooth devices and voicemail boxes are issued to authorized personnel upon approval. This policy further dictates that files containing data that is deemed sensitive shall never be stored on these devices. Physical security policy governs access to facilities housing critical information systems and back-up systems like the company server rooms. These facilities are subject to access monitoring enabling the capture of identity of the person entering or exiting as well as the timestamp. This policy ensures secure location of network devices, servers and storage media are accessed by authorized personnel and that entry codes are changed periodically where locking mechanisms with keypads are used. It gives

Analysis of Poetry Essay Example for Free

Analysis of Poetry Essay This Unit Activity will help you meet these educational goals: 21st Century Skills—You will use critical-thinking and problem-solving skills and communicate effectively. Introduction In this activity, you will read and analyze three poems by different poets and examine the similarities and differences among them. __________________________________________________________________________ Directions and Analysis Task 1: Read and Analyze Poetry Read these poems, which revolve around the ideas of darkness and the night: Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night by Dylan Thomas Acquainted with the Night by Robert Frost We Grow Accustomed to the Dark by Emily Dickinson Read the poems a few times, noting each one’s theme, mood, form, structure, rhyme scheme, and use of imagery and figurative language. Use the provided table to record your analysis. Type your response here: â€Å"Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night† â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† â€Å"We Grow Accustomed to the Dark† theme Mortality Isolation To â€Å"find the light† imagery Sunrise and sunset Loneliness figurative language Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay Personification and rhyming Darkness and light mood Somber desperation Discomfort Sadness form Villanelle Iambic pentameter Lyric poem meter, structure, and rhyme scheme five three-line stanzas and a sixth stanza with four lines Terza rima, ABABCBCDCDADAA, Italian form Rhythm is similar throughout, but changes from eight and six syllable lines to seven and six syllables to seven and six syllables. Task 2: Make Comparisons Write a 250-500-word essay describing the similarities and differences you found in the poems. Address the following points in your essay: Examine how the subject of darkness is used in each of the three poems. How has each poet woven the central idea of the poem around the subject? Compare and contrast the figurative devices used in each poem. How do they affect the mood and relate to the theme of the poem? Point out the differences in style and tone, including the choice of words. Which poem do you think has the greatest overall impact on readers? Which one communicates its message most directly and effectively? Which poem appeals most to you? Give reasons to explain your answers. As with any essay, this essay should be structured into paragraphs, with a clear introduction, a body, and a conclusion. Arrange your ideas logically and group them into paragraphs, using suitable words to mark transitions between ideas. Remember to provide textual evidence from the poems for your opinions. Type your response here: The similar ideas of dark and night appear in works by Emily Dickinson, Dylan Thomas, and Robert Frost, but the meaning of the two concepts in context of the literary works differ greatly. In Emily Dickinson’s â€Å"We Grow Accustomed to the Dark†, Dylan Thomas’ â€Å"Do Not Go Gentle into that Good Night†, and Robert Frost’s â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† the theme of night and darkness is compared and contrasted through the literary elements of point of view, imagery, and structure. The concept of darkness and night is portrayed through the use of point of view. In each of these poems, the poet writes in the first tense, giving the reader a sense that the narrator has personally experienced the presence of the symbolic â€Å"darkness† and â€Å"night†. However, while â€Å"We Grow Accustomed to the Dark† is written in a plural point of view, â€Å"Acquainted with the Night† is written in a singular view, and â€Å"Do Not Go Gentle into that Good Night† is from the speaker point of view. This gives a differing meaning to dark and night between these poems, because although Dickinson’s plural poem encompasses humanity as a whole, showing the dark to be a natural point in life, Frost’s poem depicts the night his character is experiencing as a lonely, solitary happening, and Thomas’ poem shows loneliness and wanting for companionship. The differences in these poems help to show night as a more unnatural and depressing experience than the dark that happens to everyone. __________________________________________________________________________ Evaluation Your teacher will use these rubrics to evaluate the completeness of your work as well as the clarity of thinking you exhibit. Task 1: Read and Analyze Poetry Criteria Distinguished (4 points) Provides a complete and accurate analysis of each poem Exhaustively lists instances of figurative language and use of imagery Provides a concise but compelling description of the mood and theme of each poem Proficient (3 points) Provides a complete and largely correct analysis of each poem Lists most instances of figurative language and use of imagery Provides an effective description of the mood and theme of each poem Developing (2 points) Provides a complete analysis of the poems with some inaccuracies Lists some instances of figurative language and use of imagery Provides a passable description of the mood and theme of each poem Beginning (1 point) Provides an incomplete analysis of the poems with some inaccuracies Lists only a few instances of figurative language and use of imagery Attempts to describe the mood and theme of the poems Task 2: Make Comparisons Criteria Distinguished (4 points) Thoroughly addresses all the points mentioned Effectively compares how the subject has been woven into the central idea in the three poems Thoroughly evaluates and compares the effect of figurative language and imagery in the poems Insightfully compares the style and impact of the poems Provides strong textual evidence to support opinions Structures the essay exceptionally well, has a compelling introduction and conclusion, and uses transitions to enhance the organization of ideas Consistently uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation throughout Proficient (3 points) Adequately addresses most of the points mentioned Effectively compares how the subject has been woven into the central idea in the three poems Adequately evaluates and compares the effect of figurative language and imagery in the poems Effectively compares the style and impact of the poems Provides adequate textual evidence to support opinions Structures the essay well, has a meaningful introduction and conclusion, and uses transitions effectively Largely uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation Developing (2 points) Adequately addresses some of the points mentioned Compares how the subject has been woven into the central idea in the three poems Evaluates and compares the effect of figurative language and imagery in the poems to some extent Compares the style and impact of the poems Provides some textual evidence to support opinions Structures the essay into paragraphs, has an introduction and a conclusion, and uses transition words Makes a few mistakes in grammar, spelling, and punctuation Beginning (1 point) Marginally addresses some of the points mentioned and omits others Attempts to compare how the subject has been woven into the central idea in the three poems Inadequately describes the effect of figurative language and imagery in the poems Attempts to compare the style and impact of the poems Does not provide textual evidence to support opinions Does not structure the essay well and does not use transitions effectively Makes several mistakes in grammar, spelling, and punctuation

Your Mind And Body Are Clearly Distinct Philosophy Essay

Your Mind And Body Are Clearly Distinct Philosophy Essay During his meditations, Descartes starts by doubting everything unless it can be indubitably known to be true. After much questioning and scepticism, Descartes comes to the conclusion: I am, I exist.  [2]  This seems to state that the I Descartes describes (usually defined as the conscious mind) must exist for an individual to exist. Because for every time the I makes the above proposition, the mind or conscious self is engaged in thought and therefore demonstrates its own existence. After conclusively grounding his existence, Descartes inquires as to what makes up a person. He eventually deduces that I am not more than a thing that thinks  [3]  . Because to assume that his body exists is to rely on his senses that could be deceived. Therefore through intellect alone, Descartes concludes that he must be essentially a thing that thinks. When returning to the contemplation of the mind and body in his Sixth Meditation, Descartes then asserts that I [that is to say, my soul by which I am what I am], is entirely and absolutely distinct from my body, and can exist without it.  [4]  How and why he goes from a thinking thing, to a mind distinct from body is a perplexing problem both for Descartes and for his critics. In both the Second meditation, but more clearly in part four of his Discourse on the Method Descartes presents what is commonly known as the argument from doubt: I saw that I could conceive that I had no body, and that there was no world nor place wh ere I might be; but yet I could not for all that conceive that I was not. On the contrary, I saw from the very fact that I thought of doubting the truth of other things, it very evidently and certainly followed that I was; on the other hand if I had only ceased from thinking, even if all the rest of what I had ever imagined had really existed, I should have no reason for thinking that I had existed. From that I knew that I was a substance the whole essence or nature of which is to think, and that for its existence there is no need of any place, nor does it depend on any material things; so that this me, that is to say, the soul by which I am what I am, is entirely distinct from body, and is even more easy to know than is the latter; and even if body were not, the soul would not cease to be what it is.  [5]  This argument can be displayed as such  [6]  : I can doubt that I have a body. I cannot doubt that I exist. Ergo, I am not a body.  [7]   There have been many famous refutations of this argument from doubt. One problem with the argument, forwarded by Norman Malcolm, is that arguments using the same logic can be formed that lead to ridiculous results. For example: I can doubt that the author of the pamphlet Why I Am Not a Christian exists I cannot doubt that Bertrand Russell exists Ergo, Bertrand Russell is not the author of that pamphlet.  [8]   However as Malcolm himself points out, this counter-example is based on contingent propositions, whereas Descartes argument is intended to be based on a priori propositions. But whether the subject of the proof is a posteriori or a priori, the reasoning behind the proof can still be called into question. Descartes can think of his mind without his body, but this does not necessarily mean that this is the case, that without his body his mind can still exist. In this form of reasoning, Descartes is attempting to use Leibnizs law of the indiscernibility of identicals. However Leibnizs law states that no two objects have exactly the same properties.  [9]  Therefore, if it is true that two things (the body and the self) have different properties, then they cannot be the one same thing and there must be different objects. But it is mistaken to say that if one believes that two things have different properties then they cannot be identical. This is because what people know or think they know about an object, is not a property of that object. Therefore when Descartes claims that he doubts his body exists, this does not mean that the body has a different property than if he did not doubt its existence. He also claims he cannot doubt that his mind exists, but if his mind is a part of his b ody then we can doubt that his mind, apart from the body could exist. For the doubt argument to work, Descartes needs a provable reason for us to think that the mind and the body are truly distinct. The second argument Descartes employs is often referred to as the argument from conceivability. It is also presented in the sixth meditation and through it Descartes sets out to prove that one can exist as a thinking thing distinct from the physical body it goes as follows: I know that all things which I apprehend clearly and distinctly can be created by God as I apprehend them, it suffices that I am able to apprehend one thing apart from another clearly and distinctly in order to be certain that the one is different from the other, since they may be made to exist in seperation at least by the omnipotence of GodI rightly conclude that my essence consists solely in the fact that I am a thinking thing (or a substance whose whole essence or nature is to think). And although possibly (or rather certainly, as I shall say in a moment) I possess a body with which I am very intimately conjoined, yet because, on the one side, I have a clear and distinct idea of myself inasmuch as I am only a thinking and unextended thing, and as, on the other, I possess a distinct idea of body, inasmuch as it is only an extended and unthinking thing, it is certain that this I (that is to say my soul by which I am what I am), is entirely and absolutly distinct from my body, and can exist without it.  [10]  This argument can also be split into three parts: I can clearly and distinctly conceive of myself existing (as a thinking thing) apart from my physical body. Anything I perceive clearly and distinctly is logically possible. If I can clearly and distinctly perceive of myself as an unextended thinking thing, and my body as an extended unthinking thing, then it is logically possible that my body and my mind can exist apart. One obvious objection to this argument is that just because one can perceive of themselves as existing without physical properties, does not mean that they do exist without physical properties.  [11]  Another problem is that the second premise seems to be rather weak. To perceive something clearly and distinctly is not necessarily the same as it being logically possible. Descartes may be able to clearly and distinctly conceive of himself as an unextended thinking thing, and his body as an extended unthinking thing, but that does not mean he can conclude that my essence consists solely in the fact that I am a thinking thing.  [12]  He may only have an incomplete understanding of his mind and his body (with the scientific advancements of the past 300 years this seems very plausible). He has not shown that thought is the sole property of the mind, other properties could still be essential for the mind to exist (such as extension). In order for Descartes to prove the minds distin ct separation from the extended body he must prove that it is impossible for the mind to be extended or to have extension as another essential property. Therefore Descartess argument from conceivability only stands up if one agrees that clear and distinct perception is all we need to have a complete knowledge of the world, and this seem a very weak conclusion to draw. Another argument posed by Descartes is the argument from divisibility. This argument tries to prove that the mind and body are clearly distinct due to their difference in divisibility. It is set out, in the Sixth Meditation, as follows: I here say, in the first place, that there is a great difference between mind and body, inasmuch as body is by nature always divisible and the mind is entirely indivisible.  [13]  He then describes this assertion: when I consider the mind, that is to say, myself inasmuch as I am only a thinking thing, I cannot distinguish in myself any parts, but apprehend myself to be clearly one and entireyet if a foot, or an arm, or some other part, is separated from my body, I am aware that nothing has been taken away from my mind.  [14]  Here Descartes is offering the following reasoning: all extended matter is divisible, the mind is not divisible, therefore the mind is not made of extended matter. It is clear here that the second premise of the divisibility argument: the mind is not divisible is problematic. There are many objections here that can be raised against the second premise, an obvious objection is the scientific evidence has shown convincing evidence that different areas of the physical brain are responsible for different mental states (memory, rational thought, language, emotions etc). Therefore if one removed parts of the physical brain, that persons mind would most definitely be altered. This does not mean that one must reject the idea that thoughts cannot be spatially mapped, merely that the brain in which they are contained and processed can be spatially and physically altered, and that this alteration would have a direct effect on the state of the mind. The only way that the divisibility argument can plausible is if one believes the second premise, that the mind is an immaterial substance distinct from both the body and the brain. This is highly improbable and would oppose everything that has been discovered by scientifically studying the brain. This conclusion leads on to the biggest objection to the Cartesian claim that the mind and body are clearly distinct. How can an immaterial mind, distinct and separate from all other matter, interact with the physical body? This is the brick wall that Cartesian dualism runs up against. And there has been no convincing answer, from Descartes to the present. It is more common now for philosophers to talk of the mental and the physical as two aspects of one reality. Indeed, one could go a step further and argue why have a single entity? The mind or self is not a single thing, a unified identity that travels from cradle to grave, but merely a catch all label for our swirling fragmentary perceptions of the world and reactions to it. The reason we create this self, an inner puppeteer directing our behaviour, is due to our ability to view ourselves from the outside. After all isnt this what consciousness is, to be self aware? Personally I find R.A. Brooks description of robot behaviour much more plausible, when thinking about the immaterial self so elusive to Descartes  [15]  : It is only the observer of the creature who imputes a central representation or central control. The creature itself has none: it is a collection of competing behaviours. Out of the local chaos of their interactions there emerges, in the eye of the observer, a coherent pattern of behaviour.  [16]  

Traumatic Brain Injury Issues among the Maori

Traumatic Brain Injury Issues among the Maori Michelle Anastacio Introduction Traumatic Brain Injury is one of the health issues that Maori people face nowadays. Traumatic brain injury or TBI is caused by a blow or by a traumatic shock to the head or body. The extent of harm may vary on numerous aspects, including how it occured and the severity of impact. According to Brain Injury Support, 90 New Zealanders per day, suffer from mild to severe brain injury and most of them doesn’t seek medical attention. In New Zealand, the large population that suffer from this injury are Moari clients and the most common causes of traumatic brain injury are falls, vehicular accidents and assult. The issue on TBI cases is not only for the increasing mortality rate for children but with the consequences of non-fatal TBI cases for adults as well. Abstract Traumatic head or brain injury is one of the leading cause of fatality and hospitalisation among rich and fast growing countries like New Zealand. This is more prevalent among Maori and Pacific children. This paper aims to help New Zealanders specially Maori clients to be more aware of the importance of seeking medical treatment after accidents that may result to serious head trauma. This is also to promote the existing practices and provisions that are accessible to Maoris and other ethnic group. This will help the healthcare providers check for improvements on health services concerning trauma and how they can better serve the Maori people. Topic Definition Traumatic Brain Injury is best define as an injury acquired from severe jolt or impact to the head that cause brain dysfunction. This type of injury is commonly a result of a violent blow on the head, an object that penetrates the head like a bullet, accidents like fall and vehicular accidents. It may as well include one or more of the following factors; damage to brain cells just below the area of the impact, multiple joint damage that caused the brain to move backwards and forward, bleeding in or around the brain,swelling or blod clot and unrepairable damage to brain cells caused by an explosive device. People that are more susceptible to TBI are newborns to four years of age, young adults between 15 to 24 and elderly aging 75 and older. The sign and symptoms of Traumatic Brain Injury or TBI depends on the level of trauma. TBI can be classified as mild, moderate to severe categories. The common physical symptoms of mild TBI are; loss of conciousness for few minutes, being dazed, confused or disoriented, headache,nausea and vomitting and change on sleep pattern.This can be associated by mental issues like agitation, sensitivity to light and sound. They may also display cognitive issues such as memory and concentration problem, mood changes and depression.Where as mild TBI clients may show signs like, persistent headaches that worsens, repeat nausea and vomitting, seizures,dilation of one or both pupils, appearance of clear fluid on nose or ears, numbness or weakness of fingers and toes. Cognetive or mental symptoms such as agitation, unusual behavior, slurred speech, coma or other disorders of conciousness. Although TBI can be categorized into 3 stages depending on their signs and symptoms, it is still essential to co nsult or visit a doctor. The term mild or moderate doesn’t mean a client is safe or won’t suffer any other consequences in the future. Traumatic Brain Injury can cause a person to have difficulty with social interaction and may have family relationship problems if not treated or was not given a proper attention. Traumatic Brain Injury can lead to several complications if its’ not assessed and treated correctly. TBI can lead to distorted conciousness like coma, locked in syndrome and brain death. It can also cause seizures, fluid build up infection for those who have skull breakage and damaged on brain cells or nerves that can lead to paralysis of face. The test and assessment of TBI is done with the aid of Glasgow Coma Scale. This scale helps healthcare professional to assess the severity of the injury. Further tests like computerized tomorgraphy scan or what we commonly call â€Å"CT Scan† and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a detailed view of the brain for healthcare personnel to rapidly see any signs of TBI. Significance of the Discussion Since the number of Maori clients who suffer from traumatic brain injury is increasing and most of them don’t seek medical treatment or are not aware of how traumatic brain injury can affect their lives as well as how and what help they get from New Zealand Government. There are concerns that expalin on why traumatic brain injury among Maori is significant. Currently, the statistics of TBI cases here in New Zealand are still inaccurate due to the fact that some of the healthcare providers don’t have the proper coding of the injury. There are times that mild TBI injuries don’t seek further medical attention whick means there’s a huge possibility that they won’t make ACC claims and won’t be identified by ACC. Among children, unintentional head injuries are the leading cause of death in New Zealand specifically for children aging 1 to 14 years old. On the other hand, non-fatal head injuries cause a huge impact not only to the childs’ life but their families as well. The family members’ level of stress and accessibility of trauma services are the main concern. Adults, according to different studies 91% of Maori prisoners here in New Zealand suffered at least 1 head injury in their lives. The issue of Maori offenders in relation to behaviour issues that somehow connected to traumatic brain injury is increasing. Traumatic Brain Injury can incorporate serious public safety risks. Since, brain trauma can affect the behaviour of an individual, the Department of Corrections now provides programmes that supports the rehabilitation and corrections of any cognitive and mental issues of prisoners with TBI. These programmes aim to reduce the re offenders specially among Maori. It also essential that health care services will be well equiped and develop strategies to empower Maoris with the relevant oral and written information to cope with the difficulties brought by traumatic brain injuries. Barriers in improving services for Traumatic Brain Injury Though New Zealand Government and Ministry of Health know the importance of making sure that TBI clients get the proper attention, barriers to implement the procedures is one of the aspect that needs to be addressed. The Kaitiaki and Pacific Support is a group that helps Maori and Pacific Islanders by providing them with practical and emotional support. The main issue that they face in providing provision is the limit when it comes to their budget because they don’t have their own funds or resources and they often need to get an approval from social workers. There are times that families are hesitant to approach or accept help from Kaitiaki and Pacific Support because they mistake them as social workers and Maoris and Pacific are worried that they might take their child away. Language barrier is another factor why Maori and other ethnicity like Pacific don’t get the right help for a family member with TBI. These ethnic group are often cautious of their confidentiality. They think that if they’ll get an interpreter their privacy will be snatch from them. Another barrier that is connected to language is gathering the correct information. The key workers of the Kaitiaki and Pacific Support knows the significance of accurate information to ensure that the TBI client and family members are given the correct support,treatment and rehabilitation. Precise data not only save the clients and their family from wrong treatment but it also helps the healthcare personnels and be certain that the client and family members understand what needs to be done and the process of rehabilitation to accelerate the clients’ recovery. Printed or written information like booklets that are given to parents and children also needs to be comprehensive, to ensure they grasp the facts that they need. The increasing population and healthcare provision demands influence the delivery of health and disability services as well. Shortage on healthcare personnels and poor staff continuity becomes a burden. The process of transferring of a TBI client from one healthcare provision to another, from one hospital to other facility and the collection and administration of care methods from one staff to another. There are also times where family members are frustrated that they need to repeat the same information to differen healthcare professional staffs and they receive conflicting data from different health personnels that confuses them. The last difficulty that most client and families experience are the issues they undergo after hospital discharge. Since in most cases where TBI was classified as mild trauma, it is often overlooked by healthcarers that parents or guardians are not yet equiped with enough knowledge to handle or provide the proper care that the client needs. This can affect the speed or process of the clients’ recovery or can even worsen the situation. Current Best Practice to manage Traumatic Brain Injury in New Zealand The current practice in New Zealand to manage Traumatic Brain Injuries are the acute phase provision and rehabilitation. In most cases, TBI clients are cared by general practioners, emergency departments, accidents and medical provisions, ambulances, sport coaches and teachers at schools. Any suspected serious brain injuries are assessed in the nearest hospitals that provide services for assessment and treatment immediate results of TBI. There are still small number of TBI clients who are trasnported to tertiary hospitals for neurosurgical procedures. Most cases are assessed in the Emergency Department where patients are not admitted or only stay in the hospital for a short period or time. The next stage of TBI management is rehabilitation. There are several range of rehabilitation available in all major centers in New Zealand. The rehabilitation depends on the care the client needs. Clients who suffered from mild TBI are given assessment and Residential rehabilitation. This type of service provides support for mild TBI clients at the comfort of their own home. The aim of this programme is to help clients gain their maximum independence. There are DBH and Non DHB provisions that operates in New Zealand to support people with mild TBI for an early and timely assessment and rehab. Nowadays, there are seven concussion clinics in New Zealand for clients with mild TBI. On the other hand, people with moderate to severe TBI can access Non- Residential Rehabilitation. ACC offer two provisions for clients with severe TBI. These are Active Rehabilitation and Residential Support Services. Active Rehabilitation Services means client with moderate serious TBI are being cared in a community based facility. These are for clients that are medically stable but need support due to their cognitive or physical disabilitites. This service is not age specified except the Wilson Center that only caters TBI cases among children. The aim of this provision is to help clients to eventually re-enter or to go back to community. The duration of care on this type of rehabilitation may varry from few weeks to few months. Residential Support Services let clients to live in a home like environment as they get medical assistance 24 hours a day. This provision offer care for those who have serious TBI and are expected to recover on long period of time. The goal of this rehabilitation is to encourage independence while maintaining a safe environment for people who can’t live independently due to the consequences of TBI. This type of of rehabilitation is also called as â€Å"slow-stream† rehabilitation. Clients in these type of rehab are not necessarily expected to improve their levels of independence in a rapid or fast phase. Healthcare professional in this setting supports not only the medical needs of the clients but the physical and emotional needs as well. This provision is not maily focus on severe cases of TBI but for those who are unable to rehabilitate to the society. This type of rehab is only accessible to New Zealand residents who are under 65 years old and doesn’t have a l ong term disability that is not covered by ACC. Recently, a new project to best handle TBI rehabilitation was created. The Traumatic Brain Injury Residential Rehabilitation (TBIRR) project. This project replaced the Active Rehab services and Residential Rehab services. TBIRR have 3 vendors that brings a more qualified and rapid interventions. The North and upper South islands of NZ have two sites in Auckland and Wellington. The Canterbury and West Coast have a center based in Christchurch which is the Laura Ferguson Trust and the ISIS Center which is located in Dunedin covers the lower South Islands. According to Mr. Miller, â€Å"The new service recognises that early, intensive rehabilitation is crucial to a successful recovery, but the support provided must also be individually tailored and reflect clients’ changing needs as they become less dependent on full-time care.† Best Practice to manage the issues related to Traumatic Brain Injury Ministry of Health conducted researches and surveys to identify the gaps or rooms for improvent in providing care for trauma cases. According to MOH, the survey suggested that a specialisation in Traumatic Brain Injury will be the best practice to properly address the treatment and rehabilitation issues. More consumers supported the idea that it will be better if there will be TBI experts that will focus on TBI clients’ needs rather than the convenient widespread services that healthcare facilities currently offer. However, New Zealand healthcare providers are still reluctant to follow this practice because it suggests â€Å"centralization†. â€Å"References: Cavit, M. and Foster, A., (n.d.). Traumatic brain injuries among Corrections populations: implications and intervention strategies. Rectived from http://www.rethinking.org.nz/assets/Newsletter_pdf/Issue_81/06 TBI in Corrections Populations NZ 2010.pdf . Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014. Disease and Conditions. Traumatic Brain Injury. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/traumatic-brain-injury/basics/prevention/con-20029302. Ameratunga, S. , Abel, S. , Tin tin, S. , Asiasiga, L. , Milne, S. and Crengle, S. (2010). Biomed Central. BMC Health Services Research Article, Children addmitted to hospital following unintentional injury: persperctives of health providers in Aoteroa/ New Zealand. New Zealand Guidelines Group (NZGG) , 2007. Evidence- Based Best Practice Guidline. Traumatic Brain Injury: Diagnosis, Acute Management and Rehabilitation. The Brain Injury Association of New Zealand Inc. Brain Injury New Zealand. [Online] 2007. [Cited: Feb 17, 2010.] http://www.brain-injury.org.nz Ministry of Health. Tatau Kahukura: Maori Health Chart Book, Public Health Intelligence Monitoring Report No. 5. Wellington : Ministry of Health, 2006 Well Said, 2013. New approach aims to enhance rehabilitation after traumatic brain injury. Retrieved from http://wellsaid.co.nz/noticeboard/notices/new-approach-aims-to-enhance-rehabilitation-after-traumatic-brain-injury/†

Human Beings as the Puppets of Society Essay -- Papers Behavior Sociol

Human Beings as the Puppets of Society Sociologists have long argued about whether or not we are controlled by the structure of the society in which we live, in other words, are we or are we not ‘puppets of society’. Social structure theorists such as Functionalists and conflict theorists like Marxists, believe that we are ‘puppets’ and that our behaviour is controlled by the structure of the society in which we live. Both theories suggest that people are controlled by society but this argument is opposed by social action theorists such as Symbolic Interactionists who believe that society is created by the individuals themselves. To show far it can be argued that human beings are ‘puppets of society’ this essay will look at functionalism and social control through the family, Marxism and social control within the education system and then look at the opposing theory of Symbolic Interactionism. It is also intended to discuss the recent structuration theory of Giddens who argues that these theories are no longer valid in determining if we are ‘puppets’ because both structure and action are necessary for society to exist and thus in some instances in our lives we are ‘puppets’ and others we are not. According to Jones, Functionalists like Durkheim consider ‘human behaviour as learned behaviour’(2004, p.6), in other words everything we know and do has to be taught to us given that when we are born we have no knowledge of anything. They argue that all our behaviour is learnt through the socialisation process. Functionalists consider that primary socialisation is the basis to learning the norms, values and roles of society and... ...eeded, so it could be argued, therefore, that even though at times we are free agents and have an individual choice in our actions we are also ‘puppets of society’ because of the many of the structures of society. References List Czerniawski, G., 2004. What is the Role of Education? Sociology Review, 14 (2), 24-25 Giddens, A., 2002. Sociology. 4th ed. Polity Press Jones, P., 2004. Introducing Social Theory. Cambridge: Polity Press Wilson, A., 1985. Society Now: Family. London: Tavistock Publications Bibliography Moore, S., 2001. Sociology Alive. 3rd ed. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes Ltd Haralambos and Holborn, 2000. Sociology Themes and Perspectives. 5th ed. London: Collins Educational Bauman Z & May T., 2003. Thinking Sociologically. 2nd ed. London: Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Transformational Leadership in Safety :: essays research papers

Running head: TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND SAFETY Transformational Leadership and Safety Transformational Leadership and Safety The Postal Service in Baton Rouge and cities around the nation has a poor reputation when it comes to safety and health of its employees. In an attempt to debunk this unjust accusation, Management and craft employees alike set out to accomplish a task never before achieved by a postal facility with more than 20 employees. Many managers in the Southwest Area thought it suicide to invite the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in for an inspection and try to achieve the highest recommendation obtainable, the coveted â€Å"STAR† award. The plants 491 employees, supervisors and managers using transformational leadership, prepared for and accomplished this achievement in only 90 days. Transformational Leadership by definition is the broadening and elevating of the awareness, acceptance and attitudes of the workforce beyond their personal interest for the good of a group or company (Bass, 1990) Management, union officials, and craft employees acting as safety captains, worked together to motivate the workforce to see a bigger picture. The first and most important task was building a relationship of trust. The Postal Service is notorious for discipline of its employees when something goes wrong but is slow to reward these same employees for a job well done. The Plant Manager at Baton Rouge, Joseph Tate a 42-year veteran of the service, decided that charisma, intellectual stimulation and individualized consideration, as discussed by Sally A. Carless (1998) were necessary in achieving a cultural change. He believed that in order to achieve a STAR rating the employees would have to come onboard. With the blessings of the Louisiana District office, he instituted a new safety program that was fashioned after that of Dow Chemical, 3-M and other industry leaders. Employee involvement, as in every industrial success, was the key. Employees selected their own safety captains from the craft workers. Instead of the supervisors of each unit giving the same old boring safety talks, it was now the responsibility of the safety captains to present relevant safety information for each unit. Safety captains gathered information throughout the week, and used examples, tasks, tools and materials used within the unit for these talks. Weekly safety meetings became participative and interesting from the onset. Monthly meetings attended by the safety captains, the plant manager, and the district safety manager proved extremely productive. Monthly safety contests with prizes, job safety analysis completed by the employees themselves, additional OSHA sanctioned training, and a safety information centers on the workroom floor were but a few of the ideas implemented.

Sonography Career

Sonography The first time I started college I had a different career path. It was not after my pregnancies that I decided to make the change to sonography. I think sonography is a career that really fits my expectations, and to make sure I am in the right path I will research this career in depth. Tests and evaluations in sonography are in writing and practical. They are prepared to measure the student’s understanding of the material, and the knowledge in manipulating the transducer (Craig 53). At the beginning I was curious about how the test would be.I now know the reading tests are normal types of tests: objective, which is cover multiple choices or true and false, and the subjective, which are the essays questions. I also found, I will have some tests on computer (Craig 46-47) which I think is a great idea because I will get accustomed to the way that certifying test are now presented, also it will help me to be successful in my career. The practical exams will help me to familiarize in working with patients on a day to day work habit, and the writing and computer exams will prepare me for my certifying examination post graduation.Sonography has different types of sonograms in which I can specialize. There are eight types of diagnostic ultrasounds specialties, but there are three which are the common practiced: abdominal, obstetric and gynecologic, and cardiac (Craig 152). This is great for me, because obstetric and gynecologic is the type of ultrasound I would like to specialize. Also, since this type of ultrasound is one of the most common I think it will be easier find a job in this field. Registration is very important in the sonography field. Graduates are encouraged to take their registry examinations as soon as possible after completion of their training (Craig 53). † In my opinion this is great because the knowledge of the sonographer is tested again giving us the opportunities to have prepared sonographers in the health facilities. Sin ce â€Å"employers prefer candidates registered through the American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography (Morsch)† being registry is an open door for sonographers trying to get a job. American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography (ARDMS) offers the opportunity to sonographers to earn three different types of credentials.The credentials are Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer, Registered Diagnostic Cardiac Sonographer, and Registered Vascular Technologist. In order to be award with one of them the graduate needs to pass two exams: one general and one specialty exam that depend on the credential wanted (ARDMS). This I think is a wonderful requisite because it elevates the prestige of sonographers. As more credentials I can get more knowledge I will have. Salary is another point in my research. â€Å"In 2008, the starting salary for a diagnostic medical sonographer was $43,600 (Diagnostic Medical Sonography). Even though this is not the most important point f or me I have to admit it is within the range I was expecting for salary. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics the annual mean wage in Florida is $56,990 which breaks down in $27. 40 an hour (Bureau). This is better than the figures from 2008 and if salary follows this line by the time I graduate it should be even greater. The outlook of this job is great. â€Å"Employment of diagnostic medical sonographers is expected to increase by about 18 percent through 2018-faster than average for all occupations (Bureau)†.This is about 2. 25 percent per year. Sonograms will become the most popular tool in the medicine field to check the human body since is not harmful and very effectively. The truth is that â€Å"sonography is in high demand trough out the country since the uses of sonography are expanded (Sonography). † Another factor that will help on the growth of the sonography is the population who is aging. Older people needs more tests and Florida is one of the favo rite states for retired people, so I would say that we will have a nice increase on the growth rate.Learn about searching jobs I think is important. After I graduate I would like to know the most important factors when looking for a job. As I found there are many tips for a successful job search. A resume accompanied of a personalized letter, always listen to the interviewer and answer the questions straight and precise, choose professional clothes for the interview day, negotiate the salary if it is no right for you, and always get the final offer in writing (Craig 213-216).Responsibilities are part of all jobs. Sonographers once they graduate start taking responsibilities which include preparing reports, organized daily work schedule, and report equipment failure(Craig 205). Searching this I notice that sonographers don’t only make reports and scans in fact I will do more than what I thought was my responsibilities. Sonography also has disadvantages. Musculoskeletal injury has been affecting sonographers for years.The amount of sonographers in the country is a small number compare to other professions in health, but the amount of injured sonographers is that big relative to the total number of sonographers that brought the attention of NIOSH. To protect sonographers from musculoskeletal pain NIOSH recommend a few safety measures for under graduates to avoid injuries (Musculoskeletal). This is really worry because I want a profession not an illness. I really think the programs should emphasize more on safety rules to avoid MSI from happen so frequently.I have learned plenty of information with my sonography research paper. Now I like even more my career. I believe I will have a great future if I keep going in this direction. Sonography is a very popular job, and learn the inside of the human body it is always amazing. [1010] Work Cited ARDMS,†Credential and Examinations. †Web. 15 Nov. 2011. https://ardms. org/credentials_examinations/ Burea u of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook,2010-11edition, Diagnostic Medical Sonographers. Web. 9 Nov. 2011. http://www. ls. gov/oco/ocos273. htm Craig Marveen,†Essentials of Sonography and Patient Care†. St. Louis: Saunders,2006. Print. â€Å"Diagnostic Medical Sonography. † CAAHEP. Org. CAAHEP, 2009. Web. 3 Oct. 2011. †¹ http://www. caahep. org/content. aspx? ID=23 Morsch,Laura. †10 Best Paying Jobs for Associate Degress. †CNN. com. Cable News Network,05 May 2006. Web. 3 Oct. 2011. http://www. cnn. com/2006/us/careers/05/04/cb. associates â€Å"Musculoskeletal pain hits 80% of sonographers. † Occupational Health Management 1 Feb. 2007. Academic OneFile. Web. 4 Oct. 2011.

Euthymides’ Three Revelers Essay

Euthymides’ Three Revelers is a Greek red-figure vase painting which dates back to about 510 BC. It was found in an Etruscan tomb in Vulci, Italy, where it had probably been imported from Athens. This is proof of the virtuosity of ancient Greek artists, and is quite ironic since the Greeks learned vase painting from the Corinthians. The earliest ancient Greek vase paintings were created using the black-figure technique. This involved using a clay-based slip to draw on the figures and later adding details by incising them into the clay of the vase. Through a process of firing the vase multiple times, the slip would turn black; the silhouetted painted figures contrasted with the natural brown-orange color of the vases. Exekias’ Achilles and Ajax Playing Dice (c. 525-520 BC) is a well-known example of black-figure vase painting. The background of the scene is the natural clay color and all the painted figures are blackened slip with incised details. In Exekias’ painting, there are also details in white on the capes of the two men. The red-figure technique was developed shortly after and is the opposite of black-figure. The background around the figures was painted with slip, leaving them to be detailed with black against the natural color of the vase. This allowed the artist to paint with higher detail since no incisions were necessary. The painting of the Three Revelers is found on a vase used for storing wine called an amphora, so it is appropriate that the three men are celebrating (and indeed reveling) in their drunkenness. The man on the left hasn’t even considered putting down his cup before joining the fun. The scene probably takes place during or after a symposium- a combination drinking party, orgy, and debate. Symposiums were held and attended by aristocratic Greek men, often to debate political, moral, or ethical issues. Perhaps the most famous story of one of these events comes to us by way of literature as Plato’s The Symposium. Euthymides was a rival of Euphronios, who was considered to be the master of red-figure painting. Euphronios’ innovation can be seen in his depiction of  Herakles Wrestling Antaios (c. 510 BC). The two combatants are shown in higher detail and more naturally than any prior work. The giant Antaios is shown grimacing, his hair unkempt, and his body contorted. Herakles, however, shows no signs of struggle: his hair and beard are neat, his face is calm. Perhaps the greatest achievement of the Greek vase painters was their attempt to make art more of an optically correct experience than an ideally correct one. For instance, Herakles’ right foot can be seen tucked behind his leg. The artist’s use of perspective assumes that viewers will understand that Herakles’ calf is behind his thigh, leaving only part of his foot to be seen. Before this point an artist would assume no such thing. His goal and purpose was to show his subjects so that they could be understood and identified by anyone at any time with no conjecture necessary. For instance, the low relief figures chiseled into the Harvester’s Vase (c. 1500 BC), though they are marching from left to right across the scene and we might expect to see them from the side view, are portrayed in the composite profile (profile legs, frontal torso, profile head, frontal eye). Euthymides took this idea of correct optical representation one step further. Whereas the two main figures in Euphronios’ Herakles Wrestling Antaios are shown from the side view and the frontal view, the Three Revelers are shown not from a frontal or rear view, not from a side view or profile, and not in the composite profile used exclusively for centuries prior. They are shown in a three-quarter profile, seen from the side but not completely. The figures recede into the background creating a third dimension: depth. Euthymides knew just how revolutionary this was, so he signed his work with the customary â€Å"Euthymides painted me,† but added â€Å"as never Euphronios [could do].† The three-dimensional foreshortening of painted figures eventually became the artistic standard because of it’s representation of optical experience rather than representation of the ideal, easily identifiable aspects of the body. This can be considered not only an important technical advance, but an artistic one as well. In Onesimos’ Girl Preparing to Bathe (c. 490 BC), the  three-quarter profile lends a flowing, lifelike movement to the subject. Conversely, the contorted composite profile used in the centauromachy detail of Kleitias’ Fraà §ois Vase (c. 570 BC) virtually stops the motion of an otherwise active and exciting scene. The innovation and creativity found in Euthymides’ Three Revelers began to establish the aesthetic, naturalistic focus of Greek art that followed it. Though they were first realized by ancient Greek artists, attention to detail and depiction of figures as they are seen rather than in a universally understood, simplified rendering are indeed two important concepts which can be recognized in any piece of modern visual art. Further, the Three Revelers is the beginning of a dynamic from the ancient techniques of simple representation to the infinite levels of abstraction that we find today in all art forms: music, literature, film, and so on. It should be no surprise that the same culture that turned symbolic portrayals of the world and their own mythology into what we would today call art is the same one that concentrated the eternal search for truth by giving it a name- philosophy, and in both cases provided the basis for all following thought and analyzation.

Caltron Inc

Over the past ten years the importance of accounting cannot be overemphasized, as we've seen our share of national scandals. In today's society accounting principles and standards are severely important in driving the formation of financial statements. Without principles and standards, financial reporting would not fairly present the financial position of a company. Accounting has changed and evolved vastly over time and continues to change.Because of this I am going to breakdown the way your financial reporting team has been recognizing revenue for the fourth quarter of the current year and assess the implications it may have on your financial statements. I will also take you through the process of how the accounting standards are created to give you a better understanding of what my conclusion is. Revenue Recognition Implications As you know Caltron Computers, Inc. s a publicly held company with a total market capitalization in excess of $450 million, and you have a proposed second ary public stock offering coming in early February 20X2. Therefore the auditors are concerned about the impact of these transactions and want to bring it to your attention before it misrepresents the reported earnings. Caltron reported net revenues from four transactions equal to $1,710,000 in Q4, while cash received only totaled $495,000.The quality of earnings issue surfaces and gives the auditors reasons to question the accounting methods and possibly their honesty and ethics. The company policy for recognizing revenue is when the products are shipped, and because of this, a potential issue has come about relating to some of the transactions. Typically revenues are earned when the earning process is complete and an exchange has taken place. Once this happens the risks of ownership are transferred to the buyer, unless an arrangement for the sale states otherwise.Collectibility of the sales price is questionable for three of these transactions. According to FASB, revenue generally is realized or realizable and earned when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the seller's price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. (FASB, 2008) Now I will follow this with a breakdown of all the

Information System Proposal

Information Systems Proposal BIS/220 Computer Information Systems Table of Contents Introduction3 Understanding the market challenges3 Internal operations and External operations3 Information Technology Comparison chart4 Technology and Information systems benefits and drawbacks4 Bullets of successful strategy5 References6 Thriving as a small business in a competitive market calls for many ingenious strategies to remain afloat. As companies enter into the market they can become easily consumed, overwhelmed and sometimes unnoticeable.Opening business doors as a nostalgic record store immediately identifies a consumer demand, in efforts of remaining competitive and ultimately in business. As many internal operations are facets to efficient workplace process equating to fiscal conservatism, there are also many external factors that are paralleled. This proposal shall outline the effectiveness and detriments of many technologies and information systems that remain current in the market fo r small businesses today.After reviewing the consumer market drive for record store inventory, results have demonstrated the most effective method to liquidate the product inventory would be marketing. By streamlining an effective marketing campaign and a competitive edge strategy the company would have the ability to target specific audience within the context of the company’s products. With the multitude of genres that would be cataloged into inventory, marketing demographics would contribute to the localities, regions and venues in which the marketing campaign would be presented.Although this level of marketing efforts may appear to be complex and over budget. Information systems and technology have streamlined the process and paired cost effectiveness and efficiency into a user friendly simplistic process. As the internal operation of the process weigh heavily- on and rely-on the bottom-line, these operations should be developed and created on strategies of efficiency. Es tablishing a sustainable approach to developing an efficient process begins with a technological platform. From the inception of the business to stages of growth, massive catalogs of data will be compiled, retrieved and ultimately stored.The process to disseminate information, transmit and receive will determine how efficient internal operations are performing. The performance of these operations will also determine the growth or decline of the bottom-line. The approach to offset any negative trending prior to the occurrence would be found within the interest of a database. The database technology can maintain many functions of time and attendance which may offset many incurred cost through payroll and processing. A time and attendance database will also prevent human error through automated recording and time monitoring updating.Many of these databases also provide ad hoc reporting cataloging inventory and summarizing accounts payable and receivables. This method of reporting saves a tremendous amount of time and possibly salaried positions. This maintains inventory and process determining a more accurate bottom-line to produce more accurate accounts sales and inventory purchase orders. These databases provide cost saving measures through staff reduction, lowered overhead and fiscally accountable approaches. The table below (table 1. 1) identifies a comparison of the benefits of a system delivery of benefits. Table 1. 1Information SystemReal-time UpdatePromotional SalesReviewer ControlsMicro BloggingDirect User interfaceAd Hoc ReportingTime and AttendanceEmployee Record Retention Twitter Facebook Web-site KRONOS Legiant Information systems and technology comparison chart Twitter is a technology that has revolutionized the means in which businesses can interact with their clients. It has reduced the cost of marketing campaigns and has given clients more personalized customer service. The Twitter platforms functions as a micro blog whereas users can share thoug ht, ideas and opinions on a real-time display.This has connected companies, employees, client and customers to understand up –to-date news and reviews. This form of technology is of optimal cost effectiveness requiring no fees for registration. With Twitters massive member base, it also holds great opportunity for business advertising for a nominal fee; however, your adverting is in your message. When you post your Tweet (micro blog), its free of charge and the substance of your message will attract followers. Facebook is an excellent technological marketing platform with optimal cost effectiveness and efficient process to monitor the marketing content for the business.This platform is designed to collaborate through group sharing on a intergraded network that will allow users to view current genres of music selections, upcoming events and allow customers to post reviews directly to an individual Facebook webpage designed exclusively for the record store. Facebook will limit the cost of print materials, postage and customer service inquiries by capturing marketing analysis onto this massive database. For more strategic approaches to marketing efforts, the record store can post a professional advertisement to the massive member base, for a nominal fee, and attract customers from many different platforms.Website is information systems and technology merged and stored onto one computer system called a server that host all activity which is posted for the store. This serves as the ultimate platform for marketing, databases and record retention. There is an immediate cost for the server; however, it can be proven to be very cost effective for long-term usage. The computer server will assist in efficient correspondence through creating e-mails accounts for employees. Customer inquiry e-mail accounts can be established in addition to websites for internet use.With purchase of this system the company will save from hosting fees, web page management fees, spacin g and trafficking fees. Computer servers are also an excellent technology to host other databases that may require large amounts of storage space on a computer system and also serves as a repository for internal record retention and centralized databases on share drives. Capturing the essence of what will make this business successful is: †¢Interfacing with clients †¢Business to Business †¢Business to customers †¢Internal Business ProcessWith these aspects in mind it brings us to the internal operations of efficiency. KRONOS time and attendance information system database allows the company to maximize its time when human resource operations are of use. This database captures the time and attendance of all employees and salaried workers that report to the office within an automated process. KRONOS features ad hoc reporting which allows the administrator (authorized account user) to draw information that reports how many hours where worked within pay cycles.It als o maintains employee records to synchronize their worked time and post accrued vacation leave and generates payroll information for check processing. KRONOS is based upon licensing term and can impact the bottom-line during it interim use; however, this system can also reduce staff positions which can off-set the incurred fee. For a more conservative approach to the bottom-line while still attending to the features of KRONOS, LEGANT is a more cost effective solution of time and attendance information systems.Although it features are more limited than KRONOS it still serves as an excellent source of information system that can off-set impact to the bottom-line and time effectiveness. Information systems and technology ultimately maximizes the efficiency and productivity of a company and to the success of all companies I would recommend the implementation of these systems. The technologies and systems outlined in this proposal represent strategic measures for successful engagement to a customer client base which collaborate customer services to product and company quality.